Earth Day, Then and Now: Water

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1. First Earth Day

abandoned car, New York, pollution
An abandoned car pollutes New York's Jamaica Bay in 1973. Photo: Flickr/The U.S. National Archives
abandoned car, New York, pollution
Polluted water led to the closure of Staten Island Beach in 1973. Photo: Flickr/The U.S. National Archives
After a storm, raw sewage flows into New York's Jamaica Bay from an outmoded treatment plant in May, 1973. Photo: Flickr/The U.S. National Archives
Mary Workman filed suit against the Hanna Coal Company in LIcking County, Ohio in 1973, claiming that her property's well was contaminated. Photo: Flickr/The U.S. National Archives
Flocks of Blue and Snow Geese stop at Squaw Creek National Wildlife Refuge near Mound City, Missouri in October, 1974. Photo: Flickr/The U.S. National Archives
Clean-up crews work to clear crude oil off the beaches of Big Smith Island near Valdez, Alaska. Photo: Flickr/jimbrickett
Crews attempt to stop the flow of oil at the site of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill, July 4, 2010. Photo: Flickr/Deepwater Horizon Response
Huntington Beach

The first Earth Day was a plea from the masses for some things that seem pretty simple, in hindsight; breathable air, litter-free streets and safe, affordable sources of power.

But perhaps none are as simple or necessary as clean water.

Today, we take America’s clean water for granted; in our rivers and streams, off our coastlines, from our taps at home. But clean, safe, healthy water wasn’t always a given. Up to the early 1970s, there were very few regulations on the books to limit pollution in U.S. waterways and even fewer means of enforcement.

But the spark of the first Earth Day in 1970 set the social and political wheels in motion toward a swift shift to clean water, bolstered by unprecedented government intervention on state, local and federal levels. Within a decade, the basic structure that seeks to keep America’s waterways clean today was in place.

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