How Light Bulbs Get Recycled

No matter what kind of light you use, whether it be compact fluorescent (CFL), high-intensity discharge (HID), light-emitting diode (LED) or traditional incandescent bulbs, most types can be recycled. It’s very important to note that in some states, it is illegal to dispose of mercury-containing light bulbs (or “lamps,” as they are referred to in the industry) in general landfills.

You can use Earth911 to find out where to recycle lamps in your area. Certain manufacturers, such as Sylvania, provide pre-labeled and pre-paid return lamp recycling boxes.

The Process

Once these used lamps are collected, they are sent to recycling facilities across the country for processing. Facilities utilize a dry-processing system where lamps are mechanically crushed and sorted into their separate components. These facilities typically use a vacuum system that ensures that the toxic substances (such as mercury) in these lamps are not released into the air when the bulbs are crushed.

CFLs are recyclable into their component parts: glass, phosphor (usually calcium phosphate) and mercury. These components are then separated and sent to recycling facilities where they are processed. Mercury and phosphorous are treated with extra care due to the risks they pose to the environment. Mercury must be retorted (“distilled”) in approved facilities.

Other Options

If you are looking to reuse bulbs that still function (for example, when switching out traditional incandescent lamps for CFLs), consider donating your lamps. Donating reusable lamps to shelters or low-income housing is a socially responsible way to extend the life of a product before it needs to be recycled.